Monday, 15 January 2018

Chips away!

This autumn we were delighted to receive a generous donation from a business in our local community. Cedar Tree Surgeons have delivered over 4 truck fulls of wood chip recycled from their work in the local area. This wood chip provides a much needed material for us to use for landscaping areas of our woodland and also for paths and mulching.

With a few acres of grounds to manage wood chip is a fabulous durable material that is light to lift, fun to move for our pupils and also a great way to recycle.
One year 4 pupil enjoyed pressing the button!
The pile that grew and grew, year R thought they were explorers climbing this one.


Always a fun job, even after school.
One chipped area, great job Year 5.

With many thanks to Cedar Tree Surgeons for their kind donation.

Year 6's Winter Grounds Day - Structures and Nests

All materials collected and ready to start.
Friday was our winter grounds day and we had a challenge in store.  As part of our natural history learning is about structures we started to look at the nests for birds that visit our grounds.

This is going to be so easy!
We began  the day by mixing up as a year group, and splitting off into small groups.  Each group was then given a bird to research.  We found out about the types of nest each bird built, the materials that were used and the structure - were they loosely put together or woven tightly.  Then off we went to find our materials.  This needed a bit more thought than anticipated as many of us picked up branches that might have been the right size for a nest for us, but not for the bird - we forgot they needed to carry their nesting materials in their bills.  We also needed a little bit of creativity as some of the birds used spiders webs to help the twigs and grasses stick together - so we used wool as getting our hands on spiders webs just wasn't going to happen.  Lichen was also needed in many cases.  Once we found out what it was and where to find it, we had to decide on how to collect it.  Most of us found large twigs on the floor under the trees with lichen on and we took it back to base camp to scrape it off onto our collecting plates.  We used soft grasses such as pampas to help line the nests along with feathers and moss.



Lichen collecting or fire making?
What to do?
After we had our materials we then started the process of making the nests.  This looked so easy on paper, but proved to be very hard indeed.  It took us much longer than we anticipated.  The hardest bit was how to start.  Some of us wove a base structure with twigs, others used the grasses to make wreaths and some made mud pies.  Most of us forgot to make sure the bottom of the nest was attached to the sides so when it was picked up the bottom (and any eggs) fell out.  Miss Ray and Mrs Nash thought our nest making was hilarious and offered very little help - they just walked around laughing at us...we'd like to see their attempt!

Nicely collected materials, all neatly sorted. 
Now for the building.

We had so much fun and continued to learn how to work together, cooperate, communicate and problem solve.  Next step?  To design a bird with evolution in mind!

Oh dear....abort!




This bit is first...or is it this bit?
One nest or two?

It started so well...


The consistency of the mud pie, ooops, I mean
the mud to help the twigs to adhere to each other isn't quite right.


Do birds tie knots?



Are you going to knit a nest?


Back to mud pies!

 
Um.  Looking fairly pleased with this one.


Tra-la!

 


Monday, 25 September 2017

Elderberry Syrup



With beautiful berries dripping from the trees and hedgerows here at Wicor we decided to put some to good use. Our apothecary garden has recently been revitalised and we are enjoying getting to know what the medicinal properties are of the new plants in there.





Coughs, colds and sore throats are a common complaint coming into the autumn months and we guess a remedy to help with any of these would be a winner. One plant we all know in our apothecary garden is ginger, so this gave us a perfect ingredient to mix with our elderberries and some spices to create a smooth and soothing elderberry syrup.



If you want to fill your room with a rich mulled aroma and try a natural cure for coughs and sneezes then try our natural remedy, take a look at our recipe below.


Elderberry Syrup                                 

Ingredients
400g fresh elderberries
2 cinnamon sticks
3 star anise
2cm piece of fresh ginger
10 cardamom pods
5 whole cloves
1 teaspoon dried orange peel
Caster sugar

Method


  1.        Place the elderberries, spices and sugar into a large saucepan and pour over 500ml of cold water.
  2.       Bring to the boil and then simmer, uncovered for around 20minutes. Stirring occasionally the liquid will reduce slightly.
  3.       Remove the pan from the heat and leave to cool.
  4.       Strain the liquid from the pan through a piece of muslin cloth into a jug. Press down on the berries with the back of a wooden spoon. Measure how much liquid you have strained.
  5.          Pour this into the pan and add equal quantities of sugar as you have liquid into the pan, grams to millilitres.
  6.       Slowly dissolve the sugar stirring with a wooden spoon and bring to the boil.
  7.       Simmer for around 10 – 15 minutes until the liquid has reduced and is thicker.
  8.       Pour the hot syrupy liquid into hot sterilised bottles, seal, label and date.

Year 6



Friday, 2 June 2017

Elder grove



Just over a year ago, on one of our winter grounds days, we planted some more native trees and over 100 whips and saplings went into the ground.  These ranged from blackthorns to apple ‘step-overs’ and hazelnuts to gingko.   Within our pond area stands a magnificent elder tree (Sambucus nigra) from which we make our own elderflower cordial in the spring (it is heavy with flower at the moment) and then pop the elderberries into jams with our blackberries or raspberries later in the year.   Our children love foraging in this way and so we decided to plant an elder grove at the bottom of the sports field.  Twelve elders were duly planted and are now really looking quite resplendent with their fresh leaves and gradually thickening stems.  At break time children love to run in and out of them still respecting their relative fragility, but at other times they sketch or measure them. 
We started to look more into this graceful and generous deciduous native tree.  We found out that its name comes from the Anglo-saxon ‘aeld’ which means ‘fire’ and the hollow stems were used as bellows to blow air into a fire.  Its folklore is a little mixed as it was thought that if you burnt elder wood you would see the devil (don’t drop those bellows!) but if you planted elder by your house it would keep the devil away.    
It is a beautiful tree to look at although it doesn’t dominate the landscape as an oak or horse chestnut would and it tends to grow in scrub, hedgerows, wastelands and in woodlands.  Sometimes they are found near rabbit warrens or badger setts, as animals distribute the seed via their droppings.  Because it is a native tree, it supports a wide variety of wildlife: the flowers provide nectar for insects and the berries are eaten by birds and mammals.  Dormice and bank voles like to eat both the berries and the flowers.  Moth caterpillars feed on the elder leaves including the white spotted pug, swallowtail, dot moth and buff ermine.
The elder tree grows only to a height of around 15m and lives up to about 60 years.  It has quite a short trunk (bole) with grey-brown furrowed bark.  The leaves are pinnate with 5-7 oval and toothed leaflets – they really don’t smell very nice if you touch them either which is strange when the cordial from the flowers is so lovely and sweet.  The flowers look almost flat and can be really large – up to 30cm across, are creamy in colour and smell absolutely beautiful.  The elder tree which is in our pond is also right outside the Year 4 classrooms so the fragrance from these trees floats through their windows on spring breezes.  In late summer and early autumn each flower develops into tiny, purple-black berries (pollination by insects).  These sour berries are beautiful in jams and sauces, which we make with other fruit from our edible hedging and allotments.  In the winter the elder tree can be identified because the twigs smell unpleasant, are hollow or have spongy white pith inside.  However, the flowers, berries and leaves are all poisonous with the flowers and berries needing to be cooked before being eaten.  Isn’t it strange that a tree can have two extremes of fragrance – sweet blooms and unpleasant twigs and leaves.  It made us wonder.  We found out that the leaves have a distinctively unpleasant odour that repels insects efficiently that they used to be hung above horses in stables to repel them. Shakespeare was referring to this when he coined the phrase, “the Stinking Elder.”

Did you know that flies pollinate elder trees more than bees?  


Friday, 19 May 2017

Wicor Orchard



A walk around our grounds today showed just how much has happened in the last few weeks.  Our blogging had stopped while we were concentrating on our SATs tests, but they have finished and we are back outside.

The orchard was where we stopped and serenity was all around us but this was a site walk so we didn’t dally…well not too much. 


The large amount of yellow rattle (Rhinanthus minor) which was flowering away amongst the grasses and which has spread magnificently since last year really hit us first.  Yellow rattle is a native semi-parasitic grassland annual and was sown 3 years ago when we decided to get a wild flower meadow going in the orchard area which had been laid to grass.   We knew when the Year 6 children sowed the three years ago the yellow rattle would be difficult and unpredictable to germinate but we needed it to take for its parasitic nature.  Creating the wild flower meadow has been a two-stage process with the yellow rattle being sown and germinated first, to reduce the grassland and allow other wild flower seed mixes thrown alongside to germinate.  Yellow rattle is so important for reclaiming grasslands and helping wild flowers take hold; it is now part of the Natural England’s (2009) plan to diversify grasslands and support native wildlife.  Our yellow rattle looked beautiful laying in large swathes of translucent gentle yellows across the entire orchard.  Other wildflowers have also taken hold with corncockles, red clover plus the beautiful and fragile vetches with their pea shoots twining with and spreading through the grasses. 

Within our heritage orchard the many trees are now showing small apples starting to form and grow.  Amongst them is our one quince tree whose soft pink blooms are so heavily and intoxicatingly scented.  This quince tree threw us a bit of a mystery last year – we had one quince growing, and we nurtured it, watching, waiting for that moment ready to harvest it.  When the time came… it had gone. Where it went we shall never know!

If you had read our earlier blogs you would have stumbled across one where we described trying to transfer some mistletoe seeds from our Headteacher’s garden onto the branches of trees within our orchard.    Well, the exciting news is that we think one of the seeds might have taken.  This one little seed has brought so much excitement.  We will watch and wait.

Badgers are still using our orchard as a busy thoroughfare with three new paths having been pushed under the fencing and cut through the long grasses.  Their trails criss-cross through the orchard with the occasional area of flattened grasses as if they have stopped to admire the view too and under the scots pines you’ll find their latrines are still being used.
 
The Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris) which shelters our storytelling area is now looking lustrous.  We decided to take a closer look at this tree as it is one of only a few evergreen trees on the site and has lots of new vertical growth shoots at the moment.  We found out that the needles on young scots pine trees grow longer than those on older trees, it is only one of three native evergreens (juniper, yew and Scots pine) and the only true native cone bearing tree of the United Kingdom.  It is also the only native conifer grown commercially for timber in the UK.  Mature trees can grow up to 35m and live for up to 700 years.  We used our maths knowledge to work out the height of the tree using both a ratio stick and then again with a clinometer and we think ours is approaching 30m tall – it is certainly a beauty.  Close observation showed the bark to be a scaly orange/brown towards the top of the tree (or crown) and darker brown bark at the bottom (or base) of the trunk, which we weren’t expecting, and it develops something called plates and fissures as it gets older.  The twigs are hairless and browny-green with its leaves being needle-like and a bluey-green.  They are also slightly twisted with pairs of needles on the short shoots and will stay on trees for 2-3 years with the old needles turning yellow in September or October when they are shed.   These trees are monoecious which means that both male and female flowers grow on the same tree, and our pictures show the male cones.  Scots Pine trees use wind pollination, and once pollinated the female flowers turn green and develop into the brown cones we are used to seeing, maturing the following season so there are always cones of different ages on one tree.  The really mature cones have a raised circular bump at the centre of each scale and are a grey-brown. 

We also found out that after the end of the last Ice Age, approximately 10,000 years ago, Scots pine, spread northwards from Europe into Britain and reached a maximum spread about 6,000 years ago. Today the Scots pines cover about 170 km² which is just over 1% of the 15000 km² original area - most of this is in the Caledonian forest which takes its name from the Romans, who called Scotland ‘Caledonia’, meaning ‘wooded heights’.

A bit more digging around and we found out that the young pine needles are used for their antiseptic effect, and that the essential use from this tree can be added to baths to treat fatigue and inhalers for chest complaints!


 

Who leaves the pine-tree, leaves his friend,
Unnerves his strength, invites his end.

Ralph Waldo Emerson, from "Woodnotes"








Friday, 14 April 2017

What did my child do on Spring Grounds Day?

Outside learning at Wicor
At Wicor we have a bespoke environmental curriculum which has seasonality at its heart.  Although the children work outside throughout the year we have four dedicated, focused environmental days which are linked to their seasonal learning.  On these days the whole school decamps outside and learns about the world around them whether it be looking at habitats, planting seeds or digging over the compost.  And so last Thursday, over 440 children spent the day outside in our grounds which are looking fantastic as they burst into new life in the inevitable way nature arranges.

Tadpoles in the shallow warm water
It was a sight to see.  Everyone had come togged up with their scruffs ready to get their hands dirty and every year group had their learning pegged into the curriculum in some way - this isn't paying lip service to the fad of outdoor learning.  This is rigorous and embedded.  The children take it seriously, especially as we had just had a week centred on the film A Plastic Ocean where we all questioned ourselves over the use of plastic and how we could make small changes in our own lives which might have larger consequences over time.

The sun shone and it was a glorious day on the south coast of Hampshire.  A variety of activities were undertaken.  Year 5C planted some seeds for a trial for the RHS - these will eventually provide data for a survey on bees.  Year 5T class were planting out some magnificent 12 foot specimen holly trees donated by Hilliers; huge holes were dug and no children were lost inside, and everyone learnt about watering in.  They will now need to learn the slog of nurture after the excitement of the planting otherwise these trees will be lost.

Year 4 were extra busy under the watchful eyes of Miss Ray and Mrs Wright.  Throughout the day some children updated their journal in the orchard sketching the new leaves and blossoms on all of the fruit trees.  Five Kew packets of native wildflower seeds have been sown in there as well extending the wildflower meadow that's beginning to take hold.  Terracotta pots were also planted in the allotment with trailing petunias donated by Garsons.  Cornflowers were direct sown into the long borders with a link to life cycles.

Navelwort in the dry stone wall
Year 6 were undertaking a host of activities from planting broad and edamame beans ready for bean salad in the summer, to learning how to transplant tiny seedlings of navelwort into our dry stone wall which resides next to our small, but perfectly formed pond.  In addition to this, they were sketching the plants within these area which ranged from bluebells to red clover, dicentra to bay flowers, elder blossom to pulmonaria.  However, the fascination of watching the tadpoles and pond skaters soon took over and mesmerised twenty 10 and 11 year-olds for long periods of time.  It could have been stopped and everyone could have 'got back to work' but how often do children these days have the luxury of just sitting and observing the nature around them?  It reminded me of the days I used to go stickleback hunting.  The children sat keenly hoping to see our resident frog as well but were only rewarded by the occasional plopping as it hid in the roots of the pond plant life.


Flowers on the bay tree
Year 3 were deep into their compost and also planting up a special white calendula being grown for RHS Chelsea this year.  Various investigations were going on regarding the make-up of the different soils, including one just out from our 3rd generation compost heap.  Horse manure was being dug into some sections of the allotment and green manure seeds scattered elsewhere.  PH testing proved fascinating for children and they used this information to top up beds around the school.  The calendula seedlings look strong and healthy, have been planted in their recycled milk bottle pots, and have been placed back into the polytunnels for nurturing. Lines of carrots and radish were sown into the raised bed outside their classroom.  Again, this is such an important part of their learning - you can't just plant something then walk away.  Persistence, resilience, patience, commitment - key life skills are required and cultivated.


A bombeliidae
Year 2 were planting out the hollyhocks which have been grown from seed at school in the polytunnels..  Every child planted one - that's 65 in total!  They were placed into one of the beds, where we look particularly at seed dispersal, and watered in.  Careful handling had to be learnt, although the plants are quite robust and will provide a spectacle later in the year.  The different parts of the plants were identified and what the plant needs for successful growth were learnt.

Year 1 had the fantastic job of looking for different habitats as the start to their next enquiry where they will produce an estate agent's guide to attempt to persuade insects to 'buy' a home.  They will need a deep understanding of each animal's needs as you wouldn't want to place a creature next door to its main predator, nor would you sell a woodlouse a home somewhere hot and dry.  So holes were dug, stones were lifted, bark was peeled, leaf litter moved slightly, birds were spotted, ladybirds hunted and spiders were sighted....always following the Country Code of replacing animals and respecting their habitats.  They also sowed Zinnia 'purple prince' for their outdoor areas, and planted chitted potatoes in the allotment...in straight lines - metre sticks were used.


Elder blossom
Year R went on a spring walk, observing and collecting specimens to talk about later.  Their beds were dug over, flowering plants dug in and broad beans sown.

In a day and age where so many articles and headlines scream at us about the younger generation being 'The last child in the woods' it doesn't take much for them to revert and become enthralled by the world around them.  They just need to be give the chance, the encouragement and the time.





A fern unfurling






Tuesday, 7 March 2017

Garsons Rose Propagation

During the last few months we have benefited hugely from the expert help given by our local garden centre, Garsons Garden Centre. On this visit it was our community volunteers who were lucky to be given expert help on how to take hardwood cuttings from our roses. The session was attended by Tommy and Callum of Garsons in Titchfield.

Callum is their expert on roses and is responsible for the entire rose stock including ordering at Garsons. There is not much Callum cannot advise on from the right rose for the right place to how to care for your roses. When ordering roses there are many different factors to consider: colour, fragrance, what will stand up to pest and diseases and what new lines may catch the eye of the customers.

Whilst Callum was here he demonstrated how to take hardwood cuttings from our roses. We all took several cuttings using roses we have had growing in the grounds for around 5 years.  All we needed to use were pots, compost, secateurs and hormone rooting powder. It was very much a new experience for many of us and as you may see from the picture after just 3 weeks the outcome was extremely positive!

While he was working, we asked Callum a few questions:

Q  Who are your main suppliers of roses at Garsons?

A  David Austin and Henry Street.  Both have a great reputation for healthy and strong stock.

Q  When feeding your roses what fertilizer would you recommend?

A   A good tomato feed always gives good results.

Q  What rose would you say has the best fragrance?
 
Gertrude Jekyll.

Q  If a customer was looking for a rose that was tolerant to shade what would be your top choice?

A  Madame Alfred Carriere.